Stacking of sky-images after internal image alignment

XMM-Newton Science Analysis System

ommosaic (ommosaic-2.11) [xmmsas_20230412_1735-21.0.0]

Before stacking images it is desirable to make sure that they are properly aligned first- by this it is meant that the absolute coordinate values (RA/DEC for sky-images) at the reference pixels are accurate. Any such errors will degrade the mosaiced image and possibly lead to source-detection and source-parameterization problems. To illustrate this, In Figures 4 and 5 we compare two mosaiced images from the stacking of the same two sky-image files, testimage1.fits and testimage2.fits. The latter file is a copy of testimage1.fits, but the reference pixels CRPIX1 and CRPIX2 have both had two pixels added. The image in Figure 4 has been created simply by stacking them, without alignment, using the command - ommosaic imagesets=”testimage1.fits testimage2.fits" mosaicedset=mosaicedimage1.fits mincorr=0”. and the image in Figure 5 created using the command ommosaic imagesets=”testimage1.fits testimage2.fits" mosaicedset=mosaicedimage2.fits mincorr=0.5 correlset=correl.fits”.

**Figure 4:** Mosaiced sky-image resulting from the stacking of two identical images with small reference pixel offsets without image alignment. The detected source regions are shown.
$\begin{figure}\centering \epsfysize =15cm \epsfig{file=mosaicedimage1.ps=, height=15cm}\end{figure}$

**Figure 5:** Mosaiced sky-image resulting from the stacking of two identical images with small reference pixel offsets with image alignment. The detected source regions are again shown.
$\begin{figure}\centering \epsfysize =15cm \epsfig{file=mosaicedimage2.ps=, height=15cm}\end{figure}$

For the latter mosaiced image, ommosaic correctly computed the reference pixel offsets (2 pixels) and corrected them internally before stacking the two images.

Figure 6 shows the correlation image produced by ommosaic and stored in the file correl.fits. The image is 21x21 pixels and each pixel is ten times smaller than a pixel in testimage1.fits. As can be seen from the image, there is a well defined maximum correlation near the centre of the image, and this is a good indication that the image-alignment algorithim worked well.

**Figure 6:** Correlation image produced by ommosaic
$\begin{figure}\centering \epsfysize =15cm \epsfig{file=correl.ps=, height=15cm}\end{figure}$