Abstract for Proposal 094078

XMM-Newton target of opportunity observation of a new transient ULX

Ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs) are our best laboratories for studying extreme super-Eddington accretion. Most studies of these objects are of relatively persistent sources, however there is growing evidence to suggest a large fraction of these sources are transient. We propose a 85-ks XMM-Newton target of opportunity (ToO) observation of a new transient ultraluminous X-ray source (ULX) that will be identified by searching through new Swift/XRT observations for serendipitous detections. The XMM-Newton data will provide high throughput spectral and timing data necessary to identify the nature of this new source.



Details on Observing Strategy and Trigger Criteria
Our trigger criteria will be the detection of a new X-ray source with Swift/XRT where the measured count rate is 0.01 counts/s or above and the corresponding luminosity is >10^39 erg/s, i.e. the threshold for a ULX. To trigger, we will also require that a historical upper limit at least a magnitude below this, or equivalent with another X-ray observatory, exists, in order to ensure its transient nature.