Abstract for Proposal 096105

Hunting for transitional millisecond pulsars with XMM-Newton, NuSTAR and VLA

The XMM discovery of a ms pulsar swinging between an accretion-powered (X-ray) and a rotation-powered (radio) pulsar state demonstrated that transitions between the two states can be observed over timescales of a few weeks. We propose an XMM, NuSTAR and VLA ToO observation aimed at studying the accretion state of transitional ms pulsars, detecting X-ray accretion powered pulsations, and characterizing the X-ray variability over three decades in energy. Candidates are restricted to black widows and redbacks, systems that are in an evolutionary phase that makes them good candidates to observe a transition. Enlarging the number of transitional ms pulsars is crucial to test binary evolution theories, and to study the disk-field interaction over a large range of mass accretion rates.



Details on Observing Strategy and Trigger Criteria
A 60 ks XMM/NuSTAR observation will be triggered by a transient with flux > 0.1 mCrab (5E-12 erg/cm2/s; 0.5-10 keV) and/or flux > 0.5 mCrab (4E-12 erg/cm2/s; 20- 40 keV), whose position is compatible with one of the target listed, or with an unidentified Fermi/LAT gamma-ray source of the Galactic disk (target #47). Reaction in < 5 days will ensure the best scientific return. Triggers of bright events such as outbursts will be provided by X-ray transients monitoring programs performed by ISGRI/INTEGRAL, BAT/Swift and GSC/MAXI. VLA observations must be performed strictly simultaneous with X-ray observations for sources with declination > -30?. For sources with declination < -30? the VLA radio observations cannot be performed. Already accepted monitoring programs in optical and radio bands (Galileo at La Palma, OAdM at Montsec, REM at La Silla, PI: Papitto; FAST and GBT, PI: Parent) will be also used to detect a transition to a fainter accretion state.