Abstract for Proposal 088157

Searching for tightly-bound, transient X-ray binaries in the Galactic Center

We propose XMM ToO observations of new X-ray transients to be detected by the daily Swift/XRT monitoring in the central ~50 pc region of our Galaxy. As demonstrated for one of the black hole transients, XMM can probe a population of tightly-bound X-ray binaries (with short orbital periods < 12 hours) in the vicinity of Sgr A*, as predicted by recent N-body simulations and X-ray outburst history data. In addition, XMM can resolve Fe atomic features with the EPIC CCD spectrometers, including narrow Fe absorption lines formed in accretion disk winds from highly-inclined X-ray transients. The proposed XMM observations will provide important and complementary X-ray data to the approved Chandra and NuSTAR ToO program and investigate X-ray binary formation in the Galactic Center.



Details on Observing Strategy and Trigger Criteria
Our collaboration monitors the Galactic Center with Swift/XRT daily and we have approved Chandra + NuSTAR ToOs to follow up with new Swift transients. Upon Swift/XRT detection of an X-ray transient, its source position will be measured to 0.3" precision by Chandra ToO within less than one week. We will then know whether a new X-ray outburst is recurrent or from a new transient and make a decision on triggering XMM observation. We will trigger XMM observation for a new Swift transient above Lx ~ 10^35 erg/s as long as it falls into the XMM s visibility windows. We do not observe any of the six known NS-LMXBs within 25 arcmin from Sgr A* (e.g., AXJ J1745-2901). Historically, every 3 years on average, Swift has detected an X-ray transient that satisfies our criteria, i.e. a bright and long outburst which overlaps with the XMM's visibility window. The proposed XMM observation does not need to coordinate with Chandra, NuSTAR or Swift.