Abstract for Proposal 088335

On the quest of BeX-ray transients: how do highly magnetized neutron stars cool?

We aim to study the cooling emission of highly magnetized neutron stars in Be/X- ray binaries. For this, we need to increase our sample with high-quality post-outburst spectra. We require the flexibility of Swift to monitor the behavior of the next potential target, and the exceptional sensitivity and large effective area of XMM-Newton to study the low X-ray luminosity regime of the source. These new observations will provide key additional data to i) better constrain the temporal evolution of the crust temperature in highly magnetized accreting NSs, and ii) use the observed cooling curves as input into our 2D crust cooling model which incorporates magnetic fields. This is required to understand the role of such magnetic fields on the crust heating/cooling scenario of accreting NSs



Details on Observing Strategy and Trigger Criteria
We will trigger our joint XMM-Newton-Swift ToO proposal on the next Be/X-ray transient that meets the following criteria: a) the source needs to exhibit a giant type-II outburst (the more accreted matter, the more heat released in the NS crust), b) the Pspin of the NS should be <10 s (to guarantee that the source enters the propeller regime at the end of the outburst), c) the system is at a distance of <8 kpc (so that we obtain sufficient photons to perform spectral modeling), d) the extinction is moderately low (nH <1e22 cm^-2; to accurately constrain the spectra at soft energies), e) during our Swift monitoring, we have determined that the source has entered the cooling phase. Once we confirm that the potential target settles into this phase, we propose to continue the Swift follow- up, and to observe the source within two observational windows (1st within 45-75 days, and 2nd 140-200 days) after the peak of the outburst using two XMM-Newton observations obtained at apastron. We request 1 ks XRT (Auto mode) observations with a cadence of 4 days for a total of 65 ks, and 2 XMM-Newton observations (EPIC-pn, Full Frame) of 35 ks each (one observation per observing window)