Abstract for Proposal 090428

Probing the nature of nuclear transients in quiescent galaxies found by eROSITA

During its all sky survey, eROSITA is detecting transients associated with galaxy nuclei that show no signatures of prior AGN activity. Whilst a significant fraction of these may be produced by tidal disruption events (TDEs), initial results from follow-up campaigns suggest that multiple different phenomena may generate transients with observed properties similar to those expected from TDEs. Here, we ask for XMM ToO observations of 8 new nuclear transients in quiescent galaxies discovered by eROSITA in AO21. This will provide vital information on the diversity of the spectral and temporal evolution of this population, enabling an improved understanding of the X-ray evolution of tidal disruption events, and/ or their imposters.



Details on Observing Strategy and Trigger Criteria
We ask to observe 8 TDE candidates to be discovered during the eROSITA all sky survey. In order to avoid contamination from AGN ignition events, the transients are selected following these criteria: the source shall have no previous X-ray detection and the X-ray brightening has to indicate at least amplitude of >10. The eROSITA X-ray spectrum has to be ultra-soft and without a significant contribution from an additional power law component. The multi-wavelength counterpart has to be a galaxy not known to be an AGN (e.g., from WISE colors, SDSS spectroscopy, etc.) and without significant historical variability at UV/optical/near-IR wavelengths. We ask for ToO observations with EPIC of the 8 targets, each with two visits of 20ks. The first observation of each event will be triggered within 4 weeks after the eROSITA discovery, while the second epoch will be requested to be performed as close as possible to 6 months after the first.