XMM-Newton Users Handbook

3.5.9.3 Integration time for exposures

To achieve the best possible efficiency an integration time of at least 1 ks for each exposure is required. With the EPIC/RGS Image Mode configuration of 5 exposures per filter, this leads to 5 ks duration per composite exposure. Note that longer integration times are allowed (§ 3.5.9.1) with the maximum allowed exposure time per exposure of 2.2 ks for the Fast Mode (if two Fast Mode windows are used), 4.4 ks for the Fast Mode (if one Fast Mode window is used), and 5 ks for the Image Mode. Shorter exposure times are limited by the OM telemetry allocation. For the modes EPIC/RGS Image and Science User Defined the data are downloaded during the subsequent exposure. Therefore, either the windows must be small, or the subsequent exposure integration time must be long enough to allow the instrument memory to be emptied. This can be critical for crowded fields mainly with the optical filters. The absolute minimum exposure times are: 800 s for the Image Mode and 1200 s for the Fast Mode. It is strongly discouraged to define a large series of short Image Mode observations. A better way to obtain time information is to use the Fast Mode with longer exposure times and appropriate time binning.

There are in principle no constraints on the exposure time in Full Frame Low/High Resolution Modes. However, it is forbidden to exceed 5000 seconds, to avoid potential onboard memory corruption after interaction of cosmic rays with the camera, or counter wraparound. Table 27 summarises the integration time constraints.

Table 27: OM exposure time constraints

Science window configuration	Minimum (s)	Maximum (s)
Only Image Mode windows	800$^a$	5000
Image Mode + 1 Fast Mode windows	1200	4400
Image Mode + 2 Fast Mode windows	1200	2200
Full frame (low or high resolution)	800$^a$	5000

$^a>$1000 sec strongly recommended